نقش گفتمان‌های حاکم در محیط خانوادگی و تحصیلی بر تمایل مهاجرت به خارج از کشور

حسینی, محمدرضا; اسمعیلی, معصومه; کاظمیان, سمیه

doi:10.22034/fcp.2022.62724

نقش گفتمان‌های حاکم در محیط خانوادگی و تحصیلی بر تمایل مهاجرت به خارج از کشور

نوع مقاله : پژوهش اصیل

نویسندگان

¹ علوم انسانی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

² استاد تمام، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

³ دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/fcp.2022.62724

چکیده

گفتمان موجود در فضای خانواده و تحصیلی در ترغیب به مهاجرت مؤثر است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی گفتمان‌هایی در فضای خانوادگی و تحصیلی در شکل‌گیری تمایل به مهاجرت تأثیرگذارند، انجام شد. این مطالعه به روش کیفی با استفاده از نظریه زمینه‌ای سازه گرا صورت گرفت. جامعه آماری در این تحقیق شامل تمام افراد 19 تا 38 سال می‌شود که تمایل به مهاجرت دارند از میان این افراد نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند و مصاحبه به‌صورت نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. نهایتاً با تعداد 12 مشارکت‌کننده (8 زن و 4 مرد)، مصاحبه‌ها به اشباع رسید و از این تعداد با 7 نفر به شکل حضوری در محیط دانشگاه و در منزل مشارکت‌کننده مصاحبه‌ صورت گرفت و با پنج نفر به شکل اینترنتی تصویری انجام شد. داده‌ها با کدگذاری در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، کدگذاری محوری و کدگذاری انتخابی استخراج گردید، درمجموع 34 مفهوم در ارتباط با تأثیرگذاری گفتمان‌های موجود در فضای خانوادگی و تحصیلی در قالب 11 مفهوم محوری دسته‌بندی شد و درنهایت در سه حیطه کلی گفتمان زمینه‌ساز کلان، گفتمان‌های زمینه‌ساز میانی و گفتمان‌های زمینه‌ساز خرد طبقه‌بندی شدند. عامل مربوط به گفتمان زمینه‌ساز کلان شامل تبلیغات رسانه‌های جمعی، عوامل مربوط به گفتمان زمینه‌ساز میانی شامل ضعف ساختارهای علمی، فضای نامناسب سیاسی و مذهبی، مشکلات اجتماعی، فقدان عدالت، فقدان امکانات و تشویق و ترغیب اطرافیان و عوامل مربوط به گفتمان زمینه‌ساز خرد شامل گفتمان ناامیدی و تلف کردن عمر، گفتمان اهمیت پیشرفت و رشد شخصی، گفتمان عدم امنیت روانی و گفتمان جست‌وجوگری و تجربیات تازه شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد گفتمان‌ها در فضای خانوادگی و آموزشی نقش به سزایی در تغییر باورها و ارزش‌های افراد ایفا می‌کند؛ و این تأثیرات چه به شکل آگاهانه و یا نا آگاهانه موجب افزایش تمایل به مهاجرت می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.22516654.1401.12.1.8.3

موضوعات

مشاوره

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Dominant Discourses in Family and Educational Environment on The Tendency to Emigrate Abroad

نویسندگان [English]

Mohammadreza Hosseini ¹
Masoumeh Esmaeili ²
Somaye Kazemian ³

¹ Faculty of Humanities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran

² Full Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.

³ Associate professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background: The discourse in the family and academic environment is effective in persuading immigration. Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of what discourses in the family and educational environment influence the formation of the desire to migrate. Method: This study was conducted using a qualitative method using the structuralist grounded theory. The statistical population in this research includes all people aged 19 to 38 with the desire to migrate, among these people, purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Finally, with the number of 12 participants (8 women and 4 men), the interviews reached saturation, and 7 of them were interviewed face-to-face in the university environment and the participant's home, and five people were interviewed online. the data was extracted by coding in three stages: open coding, central coding, and selective coding, a total of 34 concepts related to the impact of discourses in the family and educational environment were extracted. Findings: This was categorized in the form of 11 central concepts, and finally three general areas of macro-contextual discourse, intermediate contextual discourses, and micro-contextual discourses were classified. Factors related to macro-contextual discourse include mass media advertising, intermediate contextual factors including weak scientific structures, inappropriate political and religious atmosphere, social problems, lack of justice, lack of facilities and encouragement and persuasion of those around and factors related to The underlying discourse of wisdom included the discourse of despair and loss of life, the discourse of the importance of personal progress and growth, the discourse of psychological insecurity, and the discourse of search and new experiences. Conclusion: The results showed that discourses in the family and educational environment play an important role in changing the beliefs and values of individuals. And these effects, whether consciously or unconsciously, increase the desire to migrate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

migration
family discourse
educational discourse

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