شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر بی‌وفایی زناشویی در فضای برخط با تحلیل پدیدارشناسانه شیوه زندگی

نوع مقاله : پژوهش اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی مشاوره، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران،

2 دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

خانواده در میان همه جوامع بشری به‌عنوان بنیادی‌ترین نهاد اجتماعی زیربنای جوامع و منشأ فرهنگ‌ها و تاریخ بشر بوده است. پرداختن به این بنای مقدّس بنیادین، همواره سبب اصلاح خانواده بزرگ انسانی و فروگذاری آن مایه دور شدن آدمی از زندگی سالم بوده است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر بی‌وفایی زناشویی در فضای برخط با تحلیل پدیدارشناسانه شیوه زندگی بود. این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و به روش پدیدارشناسی انجام گرفت. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش، دربرگیرنده زوجین درخواست‌کننده طلاق، ارجاعی از دادگاه شهرستان مرند در سال 1401 بود. اندازه نمونه دربرگیرنده 14 نفر مشارکت‌کننده بود که با روش غیر احتمالی و هدفمند انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش حاضر مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته بود. داده‏ها به روش تحلیل درون‌مایه کدگذاری و تحلیل شدند. پس از کدگذاری مصاحبه‌ها و دسته‌بندی درون‌مایه‌ها، 4 درون‌مایه اصلیِ خانوادگی- پرورشی، فردی، زوجی و محیطی- اجتماعی به دست آمد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد چنان چه افراد در خانواده مبدأ الگوی رفتاری مناسب و شیوه زندگی بالیده و متعهدانه و غیر مصرف‌گرا را نیاموخته و خود نیز در جهت کسب آن‌ها و نیز تشکیل هویت زوجی سالم کوشش نکنند، در محیط نامناسب مستعد بروز رفتار پیمان‌شکن خواهند بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the Factors Affecting Marital Infidelity in Cyberspace with Phenomenological Analysis of Lifestyle

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iman Mesbah 1
  • Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi 2
  • Jafar Mahmoudi 3
  • Maryam Azami 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Counseling. Department of Counseling. Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Ardabil. Iran.
2 Associate Professor. Department of Counseling. Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Ardabil. Iran
3 Ph.D. Student of Counseling. Department of Counseling. Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Ardabil. Iran.
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background: Family in all human societies, has been considered as the basic social institution and community infrastructure and the source of human cultural history. Addressing this fundamental and sacred structure has always modified the large family of humans, whereas human negligence regarding this concept leads them away from reality. Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting marital infidelity in cyberspace by phenomenological analysis of lifestyle. Method: This research was conducted with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The statistical population of the research included couples applying for divorce referred by the court in Marand City in 2022. The sample size consisted of 14 participants who were selected by non-probability and purposeful methods. The instrument of the present study was a semi-structured interview. The data was coded and analyzed by the thematic analysis method. Findings: After coding the interviews and categorizing the topics, 4 main themes were family-educational, individual, couple, and environmental-social. Conclusion: The results showed that if individuals in the family of origin do not acquire the appropriate behavior pattern and adults committee the non-consuming lifestyle and do not try to acquire them and form a healthy couple identity, they will be prone to breach of contract in inappropriate environments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cyberspace
  • lifestyle
  • marital infidelity
  • phenomenology
Allen, E. S., Rhoades, G. K., Stanley, S. M., Markman, H. J., Williams, T., Melton. J., et al. (2008). Premarital precursors of marital infidelity. Fam Process; 47(2), 243-59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2008.00251.x.
Abdolmaleki, M., Azam Azadeh, M., & Ghazinezhad, M. (2015). The Relationship of Global Media, Modern Reflexivity and Tendency to Extramarital Relationship among Married Couples of Qorveh City. Journal of Family Research. 11(3), 309-332. https://jfr.sbu.ac.ir/article_96716.html?lang=en. [Persian]
Agha Mollaei, S., Nikkhah, H. A., & Maghsoodi, M. (2020). Modernity, consumer culture and lifestyle One sociological study in Kerman. Journal of Culture-Communication Studies21(51), 193-228. https://doi.org/10.22083/jccs.2020.152920.2592. [Persian]
Afshari Kashanian, O., Zahrakar, K., Mohsen Zadeh, F., & Tajik Esmaili, A. A. (2019). Detection of Predisposing Factors in women marital infidelity. QJCR. 18 (71), 121-154. URL: http://irancounseling.ir/journal/article-1-816-fa.html. [Persian]
Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human Aggression, Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135231
Baucom, D. H., Snyder, D. K., & Gordon, K. C. (2009). Helping couples get
past the affair: A clinician’s guide. New York: Guilford. https://www.amazon.com/Helping-Couples-Get-Past-Affair/dp/1609182391
Bravo, I. M., & White Lumpkin, P. (2010). The complex case of marital infidelity: An explanatory model of contributory processes to facilitate psychotherapy. American Journal of Family Therapy, 38(5), 421-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2010.522491
Brown, E. M, (2001). Patterns of infidelity and their treatment. New York, NY:
Psychology Press
. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203782743
Clayton, R. B. (2014). The third wheel: The impact of Twitter use on relationship infidelity and divorce. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 17(7), 425-30. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2013.0570.
Dortaj, F., Rajabiyan, M., Fatolahi, F., & Dortaj, F. (2018). The Relationship between the Rate of Using Virtual Social Networks with Loneliness and Marital Infidelity in Students. Educational Psychology, 14(47), 119-140. [Persian]. https://dx.doi.org/10.22054/jep.2018.32466.2262. [Persian]
Daneback, K., Cooper, A., & Månsson, S. A. (2005). An Internet Study of Cybersex Participants. Arch Sex Behav 34, 321–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-005-3120-z
Fathi, M., Fekazad, H., Ghaffary, G., & Bolhari, J. (2014). Recognizing the Fundamental Factors of Married Men Engaged in Marital Infidelity. refahj. 13 (51), 109-131. http://refahj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1372-fa.html. [Persian]
Ferron, A., Lussier, Y., Sabourin, S., & Brassard, A. (2017). The role of Internet pornography use and cyber infidelity in the associations between personality, attachment, and couple and sexual satisfaction. Social Networking, 6, 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/sn.2017.61001.
Firozjaeian, A., & GHadiri, H. (2017). A phenomenological study of the causes of marital infidelity. Journal of Iranian Social Studies, 11(1), 120-144. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20083653.1396.11.0.17.2. [Persian]
Fincham, F. D., & May, R. W. (2017). Infidelity in romantic relationships. Current Opinion in Psychology, 13, 70–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.03.008
Gholamzadeh bafghi, T., & Jamali bafghi, T. (2018). Study of the relationship between membership in virtual social networks and marital satisfaction among married women and men. Journal of Research in Educational Science, 12(Special Issue), 1151-1165. http://www.jiera.ir/article_65047.html. [Persian]
Ghafoorian, P., Asghari ebrahim abad, M., Abdekhodaei, M., & Kimiaee, S. (2018). The Role of Individual, Familial, Social and Religious Factors in Extramarital Relationships of Married Women and Introducing a Treatment Model Based on the Related Factors: A Qualitative Study. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological, 16(4), 7-42. https://dx.doi.org/10.22051/jwsps.2019.23012.1867. [Persian]
Hamid, N., Sayad, S., & Firoozi, A. A. (2021). Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Family Therapy on the family function of Couples, Behavioral Adjustment and Academic Performance of their Male Students. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies18(41), 89-65. doi: 10.22111/jeps.2021.6050
Habibi Askarabad, M., & Hajiheydari, Z. (2015). A Qualitative Study for Investigating the Reasons of Sexual Infidelity of Couples Who Have Asked for Divorce in Family Court. Journal of Family Research, 11(2), 165-186. https://jfr.sbu.ac.ir/article_96356.html [Persian]
Hadidi, M., & Hadidi, Z. (2019). The relationship between the amount of use of virtual networks and marital infidelity in between refers to the consultation department of the police station of Tankabon City. Mazandaran Police Knowledge Quarterly. 10 (2). 167-204. https://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-749-en. [Persian]
Hosseyni, S. R., Jalali, M. R., & Kakavand, A. (2018). Prediction of Internet extramarital relationships based on a marital commitment with mediation Sexual and emotional connection. Journal of Education, Counseling and Psychotherapy, 7 (26), 4-20. https://journals.iau.ir/article_668552_b428061c667e92d89b9866e9c70559f5. [Persian]
Howe, A. (2012). Enduring Fictions of Possession, Griffith Law Review, 21(3), 772-796, DOI: 10.1080/10383441.2012.10854762.
Jackman, M. (2015). Understanding the cheating heart: What determines infidelity intentions? Sexuality & Culture, 19(1), 72-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00048.x
Jabaran, M. R. (2017). Conceptual analysis of lifestyle, Qobsat, 20, 190-174. http://qabasat.iict.ac.ir/article_17771.html?lang=en. [Persian]
Jeanfreau, M. M., Jurich, A. P., & Mong, M. D. (2014). Risk factors associated with women’s marital infidelity. Contemporary Family Therapy: An International Journal, 36(3), 327–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-014-9309-3
Khodabakhshikoolaee, A., Bahrami, S., & Rasstak, H. (2017). The quality of love and sexual satisfaction survey among loyal and unfaithful married men. Quarterly Journal of Social Work, 5(4), 12-5. http://socialworkmag.ir/article- 1-177-en.html. [Persian]
Karami, J., Zakiei, A., Mohamadi, O., & Haghshenas, S. (2015). Role of Psychological and sociological factors on Predicting attitude toward marital infidelity among married women. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological, 13(3), 129-152. https://dx.doi.org/10.22051/jwsps.2015.2154. [Persian]
Khoshsafa, H., & Kafashi, M. (2017). A survey of the Relationship between Virtual Networks and Family Values. Socio-Cultural Strategy, 6(2), 173-200. https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage. [Persian]
Kordbacheh, S., & Arefi, M. (2017). The role of family communication patterns in predicting marital infidelity of women in Isfahan, 4th International Conference on Recent Innovations in Psychology, Counseling and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran, http://sbrh.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-62-en.html. [Persian]
Mileham, B. L. A. (2007). “Online Infidelity in Internet Chat Rooms: An Ethnographic Exploration”, Computers in Human Behavior, 23(1), 11-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2004.03.033
Mohlatlole, N. E., Sithole, S. & Shirindi, L. (2018). Factors Contributing to Divorce among Young Couples in Lebowakgomo. Social Work Journal. 54(2), 256-274. http://dx.doi.org/10.15270/52-2-637.
Magomedov, G. B., Veretennikova, E. V., Ulyankin, S. V., Martynenko, S. E., Ilkevich, T. G., Karnaukh, I. S., & Borisova, L. V. (2019). Healthy lifestyle and social networks: Trajectory of their intersections in student life. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 7(3), 389-393. https://=AOvVaw2f3jfQfBrUF--YfMK5f089.
Majumdar, S. (2018). Online Infidelity and Intimate Partner Violence: Exploring Their Perceived Association Among Young Adults in India. In S. P. Sahni, & G. Jain (Eds.), Internet Infidelity (pp. 133-45). Singapore: Springer. 9_8. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-5412-9_8
Meshkin Ghalam, Z. (2012). Etiology of acts against women's chastity (Master Thesis in Law-Punishment and Criminology). Shiraz University, Iran. https://www.virascience.com/thesis/672922/. [Persian]
Momeni, K., Karami, J., & Hoveyzizadehgan, N. (2018). The Relationship between Sensation Seeking, Positive and Negative Affect, Alexithymia and Marital Infidelity.JHC, 19(4), 221-231. URL: http://hcjournal.arums.ac.ir/article-1-897-fa.html. [Persian]
Maphosa, S., Mutandwa, P., & Nyamayaro, A.T. (2017). Infidelity Appetite: Psychological Factors Influencing Married Women to Engage in Extra-marital Affairs. International Journal of innovative research and Development, 6(1), 46-52. https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/IJIRD/article/view/142242
Moazami Ghoodarzi, M., & Doagooyan, D. (2018). Investigating the effect of virtual space on the lifestyle of women aged 04-81, in zone 2 and 5 of Tehran (2016-2017). Journal of Iranian Social Development Studies. 10(1), 125-142. file:///C:/Users/2022/Downloads/6009813963708%20(1). [Persian]
Nathania Octaviana, B., & Abraham, J. (2018). Tolerance for Emotional Internet Infidelity and Its Correlate with Relationship Flourishing, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE); International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 8(5), 3158-3168. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227221.
Navaei, J., & Mohammadi Arya, A. (2016). Association between the Early Maladaptive Schemes and Extra-Marital Relationships among Married People. IJPN. 3(4), 18-27. URL: http://ijpn.ir/article-1-682-fa.html. [Persian]
Nasiri, Z., Javadzadeh Shahshahani, F., Samani, S., & Honarparvaran, N. (2022). Identifying underlying and revealing causes in marital infidelity: a qualitative study Applied family therapy, 3 (1): 110-135. https://www.magiran.com/paper/2421677. [Persian]
Piazza, J., & Bering, J. M. (2009). Evolutionary cyber-psychology: Applying an evolutionary framework to Internet behavior. Computer in Human Behavior, 25, 1258-1269. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3227221.
Pinto, R., & Arantes, J. (2017). The Relationship between Sexual and Emotional Promiscuity and Infidelity. Athens Journal of Social Sciences, 4(4), 385-398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30958/ajss.4-4-3.
Platt, L., Nalbone, R. A., Casanova, D. P., G. M., & Wetchler, J. L. (2008). “Parental conflict and infidelity as predictors of adult children's attachment style and infidelity”. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 36(2), 149-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926180701236258.
Pourmeidani, S., Noori, A., & Shafti, S. (2015). Relationship Between Life Style and Marital Satisfaction, Journal of Family Research, 10(3), 331-344. https://jfr.sbu.ac.ir/article_96524_e0db2a3421205350792dc1292ad7bd36.pdf?lang=en. [Persian]
Restya, W. (2019). Social Media and Marital Infidelity. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Psychology - Volume 1: ICPsy, ISBN 978-989-758-448-0, pages 106-111. https://www.scitepress.org/Papers/2019/94383/94383.pdf
Rafiee, S., Hatami, A., & Foroghi, A. (2011). The relationship between early maladaptive schemas and attachment in women with extramarital sex. Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, 2(5), 21-36. http://jzvj.marvdasht.iau.ir/article_1207_676fd6da5bb9dae0d3a3119ef70f99dd.pdf?lang=en. [Persian]
Rustaei, M., Badihi Zeraati, F., Pourakbaran, E., & Rajabzadeh, Z. (2016). The effect of newly emerging media (internet, satellite television, and cell phone) on the emotional infidelity of the couples and its related factors. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 18(Special Issue), 419-423. https://dx.doi.org/10.22038/jfmh.2016.7879. [Persian]
Rahimi, A. (2013). Investigating the interactive pathology of the relationship between couples before and after breaking the covenant of husbands among injured women in Isfahan (Master Thesis in Psychology). Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Research Sciences Branch, Iran. https://iranpub.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/6.pdf. [Persian]
Samadi, Kashan., S, Pourghnad, M., & Zamani, M, S. (2019). Marital Infidelity: Exploring Views, Factors, and Consequences. Rooyesh, 8 (4), 165-176. URL: http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-1475-fa.html. [Persian]
Shojaei, L., & Shojaei, F. (2014). The Relationship between Family Factors and Emotional Sexual Infidelity from the Perspective of Married Men and Women in Birjand, 1991, The First National Conference on Sustainable Development in Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Studies, Tehran, https://civilica.com/doc/320676. [Persian]
Sharafuddin, H., & Salehizadeh, A. (2015). Fields of extramarital affairs in Iran, a case study of Tehran. Social Cultural Knowledge Quarterly, 7 (27), 138-117. http://ensani.ir/fa/article/375405. [Persian]
Satples, J. M. (2012). Couples’ process of healing from infidelity while in therapy [Ph.D. dissertation]. Las Vegas: University of Nevada. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/4332760.
Sevari, K., & Talaeezadeh, M. (2015). A comparative study of marital infidelity and emotional Intelligence (EQ), in divorced and normal married couples of Ahwaz. Journal of Clinical Psychology Achievements, 1(2): 67-82. https://dx.doi.org/10.22055/jacp.2015.12004.
Silva, A., Saraiva, M., Albuquerque, P. B., & Arantes, J. (2017). Relationship quality influences attitudes toward and perceptions of infidelity. Personal Relationships, 24(4), 718-728. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12205.
Shahriyari ahmadi, M., Pazoki, L., & Poor sadr, N. (2019). relationship between a sense of loneliness as well as marital commitment and the extent of use of social media in women. The Women and Families Cultural-Educational, 13(46), 95-114. https://cwfs.ihu.ac.ir/article_204571.html?lang=en. [Persian]
Tamrchi, F., Asadpoor, E., & Zahrakar, K. (2022). Presenting a paradigmatic model of underlying factors that result in marital infidelity based on grounded theory. J of Psychological Science. 20(107), 2027-2043. https://psychologicalscience.ir/article - 1 -1074 -fa.html. [Persian]
Turliuc, M. N., & Scutaru, E. L. (2013). A semi-model of predictive factors for mixed infidelity. Annals of AII Cuza University. Psychology Series, 22(2), 35-51. https://www.researchgate.
Vossler, A. (2016). “Internet Infidelity 10 Years On A Critical Review of The Literature”, The Family Journal, 24(4), 359-366. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F106648071666319.
Valenzuela, S., Halpern, D., & Katz, J. E. (2014). Social network sites, marriage well-being, and divorce: Survey and state-level evidence from the United States. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 94-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.034.
Wanjiru, V., Ireri, N., & Menecha, J. B. (2020). An investigation of the factors contributing to infidelity among married couples in selected mainstream churches in Kikuyu constituency, Kiambu County, Kenya. Journal of Sociology, Psychology & Religious Studies, 2(2), 1-8. https://stratfordjournals.org/journals/index.php/Journal-of-Sociology-Psychology/article/view/629.
Yucedal, B. (2010). Victimization in cyberspace: An application of Routine Activity and Lifestyle Exposure theories (Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University). http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1279290984.
Yaghoobi Choobari, A., Kanani, M. A., & Yahyapoor, R. (2019). Survey of The relationship between lifestyle and the tendency to consensual divorce among the citizens of Rasht. sociology of social institutions, 6(14), 121-148. https://doi.org/10.22080/ssi.2020.15867.1564. [Persian]
Zarei Mahmoodabadi, H., & Zarei, F. (2021). The Effect of Divorce Counseling Based on Gottmans Approach on the Self-Efficacy in Divorce Management of Couples Applying for Divorce. Social Behavior Research & Health, 2, 219-227. https://doi.org/10.18502/sbrh.v2i2.283. [Persian]
Zeinali, A., & Akbari, H. (2016). Social factors affecting the tendency to extramarital affairs of married women, 4th National Conference on Counseling and Mental Health, Quchan, https://civilica.com/doc/620830. [Persian]
Zapien, N. M. (2017). Decision science, risk perception, and infidelity. SAGE Open, 1(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2158244016686810.