اثربخشى مداخله آموزشی غنی‌سازی زندگى زناشویی با رویکرد متمرکز بر هیجان در دوران باردارى بر رضایت زناشویی زوجین پس از تولد اولین فرزند

نوع مقاله : پژوهش اصیل

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران شماره تماس: 989121938277 + کد پستی: 1477893855 Email:f.bagheri@srbiau.ac.ir

3 استاد روانشناسی، ریاست گروه روانشناسی دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

4 استاد روانشناسی و ریاست دانشکده روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تولد اولین فرزند به‌عنوان یک رویداد تنش‌زا می­تواند مایه ترس و خشم پدرومادر و آشفتگی رابطه آن‌ها گردد. هدف این پژوهش، تدوین بسته آموزشی غنی­سازی زندگی زناشویی با رویکرد متمرکز بر هیجان و بررسی اثربخشی آن بر رضایت زناشویی زوجین پس از تولد اولین فرزند بود. روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی است و با بکار بستن طرح پیش­آزمون- پس­آزمون با گروه گواه و پیگیری دوماهه انجام شد. جامعه آماری زوجین مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان­ها و مطب­های خصوصی پزشکان زنان و زایمان مناطق (3) و (10) شهر تهران 1395 بود. نمونه پژوهش 28 زن و شوهر (56 نفر) بود که به‌صورت در دسترس، گزینش و به‌تصادف در دو گروه 28 نفری آزمایش (14 زوج) و گروه گواه (14 زوج) گمارده شدند. گروه آزمایش در نُه نشست هفتگی سه ساعته مداخله آموزشی غنی‌سازی زندگى زناشویی با رویکرد متمرکز بر هیجان به‌صورت زوجی شرکت کردند و برای گروه گواه در آن هنگام مداخله­ای صورت نگرفت. برای گردآوری داده­ها از پرسشنامه رضایت زناشویی انریچ 1989 و پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی و سنجه شیوه‌های دل‌بستگی بزرگ‌سالان هازان و شیور 1987 بکار برده شد. برآیند تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری نمرات اختلافی (پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون) نشان داد مداخله آموزشی غنی‌سازی زندگی زناشویی با رویکرد متمرکز بر هیجان بر رضایت زناشویی زوجین (83/129=F و 001/0>P) و مؤلفه‌های حل تعارض (18/95=F و 001/0>P)، رضایت از ارتباط با دوستان (38/99=F و 001/0>P)، ارتباط زوجین (03/41=F و 001/0>P)، زمینه‌های شخصیتی (66/15=F و 001/0>P)، فعالیت‌های هنگام‌ فراغت (03/41=F و 001/0>P) و فرزند پروری (26/14=F و 001/0>P). در دوران بارداری مادران اثربخش است. همچنین برآیندهای تحلیل آزمون پیگیری نشان داد میان مرحله‌ پیگیری و پیش‌آزمون تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود دارد و این روشنگر ماندگاری تأثیر مداخله است. ازاین‌رو آموزش بسته غنی‌سازی زندگى زناشویی با رویکرد متمرکز بر هیجان در ماه­های 3 تا 6 بارداری مادران در بیمارستان­ها، مراکز بهزیستی و درمانگاه‌های مشاوره برای افزایش رضایت زناشویی زوجین تازه والد در دوران بارداری و پس از تولد فرزند پیشنهاد می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effectiveness of educational interventions of enrichment of marital life with emotional-focused approach during pregnancy on couples' marital satisfaction after the birth of the first child

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Foroughi 1
  • Fariborz Bagheri 2
  • Hasan Ahadi 3
  • MohammadAli Mazaheri 4
1 PhD of psychology, Olom Tahghighat, Tehran. Iran
2 president of university, Oloom tahghighat, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, The president of psychology of oloom tahghighat, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Professor, The president of Psychology of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The birth of the first child as a stressful event can cause fear, anger, and distress in parents' relationship. The purpose of this study was to compile an educational package for the enrichment of marital life with Emotion-Focused Approach and investigate its efficacy on couples’ marital satisfaction after the birth of the first child. The research method is quasi-experimental and was carried out with the design of pre-test, post-test with control group and two months follow up. The statistical population included couples referring to hospitals and gynecologists' private offices in regions 3 and 10 in Tehran in 2016. The research sample consisted of 28 couples (56 people) who were selected through convenient sampling and were randomly divided into two groups of 28 persons of experimental (14 couples) and control (14 couples). The experimental group participated in 9 weekly 3-hour sessions with the educational intervention of marital life enrichment with emotional focused approach for each couple, and no intervention was carried out for the control group during the same time. To collect the data, the Marital satisfaction questionnaire (Enrich, 1989), and personal Information questionnaire and adult attachment styles inventory (Hazan & Shaver, 1987) were used. The result of multivariate variance analysis of disparity scores (Pre-test –post-test) showed that educational intervention of marital life enrichment with Emotional Focused approach was effective on couples’ marital satisfaction (F=129.83, P<0.001 and) and its components, conflict resolution (F=95.18, P<0.001), satisfaction from communication with friends (F=99.38, P<0.001), couples communication (F=41.03, P<0.001), personality issues (F=15.66, P<0.001), leisure activities (F=41.03, P<0.001) and parenting (F=14.26, P<0.001) during mothers’ pregnancy. Furthermore, the results of follow-up analysis indicated that there was a significant difference between follow-up and pre-test phases and it showed the permanency of the treatment effect. Therefore, the educational package for the enrichment of marital life with Emotional Focused approach is suggested to be used during the 3-6 months of mothers' pregnancy, in hospitals, well-fare centers, and counseling clinics in order to increase the marital satisfaction of new parents during pregnancy and after childbirth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • emotion
  • marital
  • satisfaction
  • enrichment
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