خستگی پدرومادر از مسئولیت‌های فرزندپروری در خانواده‌های شهر تهران: نقش همکاری پدران و مادران در انجام کارکردهای پدرومادری

نوع مقاله : پژوهش اصیل

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، پژوهشکدۀ زنان، دانشگاه الزهرا(س)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

همکاری پدرومادر در پذیرش و انجام مسئولیت‌های فرزندپروری دربرگیرنده پیامدهای مثبتی برای پدرومادر و فرزندان است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش همکاری پدران و مادران در انجام وظایف پدرومادری با هدف پیش‌بینی تجربۀ خستگی پدرومادر از وظایف فرزندپروری در خانواده‌های ساکن شهر تهران انجام شد. روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی بود. نمونۀ پژوهش 391 پدر و مادر (195 مادر و 196 پدر) بودند که به شیوۀ در دسترس و خواستار برای همکاری در پژوهش از نقاط گوناگون شهر تهران در پاییز سال 1397 انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای سنجش دربرگیرنده سنجه درگیری پدرومادر در وظایف و کارکردهای پدرومادری Roskam, Brianda, & Mikolajczak (2018)   و ‏سنجه سنجش بی‌رمقی1پدرومادری Roskam & Mikolajczak  (2018) بود. برآیندهای حاصل از آزمون همبستگی و تحلیل رگرسیون هم‌زمان نشان داد همکاری پدران در برآورده ساختن نیازهای مالی با نمرات احساس بیزاری از نقش پدرومادری همبستگی منفی و ارضای نیازهای بنیادی با فاصلۀ عاطفی گرفتن از فرزندان همبستگی منفی دارد ( 05/0p <). افزایش همکاری پدران در تأمین نیازهای مالی، نیازهای اخلاقی، نیاز به برانگیختگی و نیازهای عاطفی فرزندان در کمک به انجام کارکرد پدرومادری در مادران با کاهش بی‌رمقی و خستگی برآمده از وظایف فرزندپروریِ مادران همبسته است. برآیندها همچنین نشان داد که برآورده ساختن نیازهای بنیادی به‌تنهایی توسط پدران، افزایش بی‌رمقی پدرومادری را در آنها پیش‌بینی می‌کند، همچنین احساس همکاری پدران در اجرای کارکرد نیازهای مالی فرزندان از سوی مادران، قادر است کاهش بی‌رمقی پدرومادری را در مادران پیش‌بینی کند (02/0=p ). با توجه به دگرگونی‌های اخیر فرهنگی و اجتماعی، به نظر می­رسد همکاری پدران در انجام کارکردهای پدرومادری می­تواند منجر به پیامدهای روانی مثبتی برای مادران و کودکان شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Exhaustion from Parenting Responsibilities in the Families living in Tehran: The Role of Fathers and Mothers' Involvement in Parental Functions

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi
Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Women Research Center, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Parental involvement in fulfilling parenting responsibilities has positive outcomes for parents and children. The study aimed to investigate the role of fathers and mothers' cooperation for doing parental tasks in predicting the parental burnout experience of families living in Tehran. The research method was descriptive and correlated. The research sample consisted of 391 parents (195 mothers and 196 fathers) who participated by volunteers in the study from different regions of Tehran in the fall of 2018. Measurements include the Parental Involvement in Parental Functions and duties Scale adopted by Roskam, Brianda, & Mikolajczak (2018) and Parental Burnout Assessment by Roskam & Mikolajczak (2018). The results of the correlation test and regression analysis showed that fathers' functions in satisfying the financial needs of children were negatively correlated with parental feeling fed up and satisfying basic needs associated negatively with emotional distance from children (p < .05). Increasing parental involvement, especially in fathers, for providing financially, moral, stimulation and emotional needs of children to help maternal functioning correlated with the reduction of exhaustion and burnout caused by parental tasks. The results also showed that fulfilling the basic needs of children alone by fathers predicts increased parental burnout in fathers. In addition, the feeling of involvement of fathers in fulfilling their children's financial needs by mothers was able to predict the reduction of parental burnout in mothers (P=.02). Given the recent cultural and social changes, it seems that fathers' involvement in parental functions can lead to positive psychological consequences for both parents and children.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • parental burnout
  • parental functions
  • parenting responsibilities
  • parental involvement
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